Ratchet-drill.



PATENTED DEC. 11, 1906. J. H. KARLSON. RATOHET DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED NOV 20 1905 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

gm M @T/Maa TIRS 00., WASHINGTON, n. c

No. 838,118. PATENTED DEG. 11,- 1906.

J. H. KARLSON.

RATOHBT DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR nu- NORRIS PETERS c0, WASHINGTON, p. c.

JULIUS H. KARLSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

'RATCHET-DRILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 11, 1906.

Application filed November 20, 1905. Serial No. 288.288.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J ULIUs H. KARLSON, a subject of the King of Sweden, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Ratchet-Drills, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is a bit-stock of the ratchet type, and it is characterizedprincipally by the fact that the bit may be continuously turned in either direction by opposite oscillations of the crank-arm, the crank having a direct catch when swung one way and a reversing-gear catch when swung the other way, or the mechanism for such operation may be disengaged and the stock used as an ordinary brace.

The invention is therefore capable of use either as an ordinary brace or as a corner or ratchet brace.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the stock. Fig. 2 is a vertical section showing the reversing mechanism. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the lower spindle of the stock. Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the barrel or casing containing the reversing mechanism. Figs. 5 and 6 are details in plan of the upper and lower pawls and ratchets. Figs. 7 and 8 are end views of the meeting ends of the lower spindle and a connecting-spindle. Fig. 9 is afront view of a sliding ring for controlling the lower pawls. Fig. 10 1s a lower end view of the lower spindle. Figs. 11 and 12 are details of the jaws which grip the bit.

Referring specifically to the drawings, 1

indicates a handle to which is secured or fas tened a shaft 7, the lower end of which is reduced, as at 8, and formed with a conical point to fit within and make a bearing with a conical depression in the short shaft 17. Mounted to turn upon the shaft 7 is a sleeve 8, which is threaded into an opening in the top of the barrel 9. sleeve 8 is grooved, and the shaft 7 is also grooved to form a race for which bears the thimble 5, fixed to the handle and to the shaft. This gives an antifriction-bearing.

The lower end of the shaft 7 carries radial bevel-gears 13, which are mounted to rotate upon pins 14 and which mesh with a bevelgear 12, loosely mounted upon the shaft 7, and also with a bevel-gear 15, fixed upon the shaft 17. The bevel-gear 12 is fixed to a ratchet-wheel 10, which is also loosely At its upper end theballs 6, upon mounted on the shaft 7. The parts 10 and 12 are shown as made separately and are fastened together in any appropriate manner; but they could be made of one piece, the separate construction being used simply for the purpose of convenience in manufacture. Washers ll are fitted between the casing and the gears to take the wear. At 21. and 21 are indicated right and left pawls, which are pivotally mounted upon lugs 9 in the casing and are located in recesses 21*, formed in the walls thereof. The heads of these pawls are engageable with the ratchet l0, and the tails thereof project through the recesses, so that they may be manipulated to engage either one with the ratchet. They are normally pressed to contact by a spring 22, coiled around a pin 22 therebetween. Either or both pawls may be held out of engagement by means of turning latches 23, which are arranged to bear inwardly against the tails of the pawls and hold the heads thereof out of engagement when the latches are turned in or down.

The U-crank arm 40 is fixed to the casing 9 at its upper end and is connected at its lower end to the elbow-piece 25 which receives the spindle 25, which carries the jaws 29 in slots therein and receives the bevel closingring 28, which controls the jaws, of which more hereinafter. The ratchet-wheel 26 is fixed upon the spindle 25 and works in recess in the elbow-piece 25 and is engaged by pawls 28 and 28 These pawls are controlled by a ring 27, which may he slid or turned on the elbow-piece to bring its cam portion 27 against the tail of either pawl and by pressing the same inwardly disengage either pawl from the wheel and so hold it.

At 20 is indicated a removable spindle which is used when the device is operated as a ratchet-brace. It articulates atits upper and lower ends, respectively, with the shaft 17 and the spindle 25. At its up er end it has a tongue and fork-joint, as in icated at 19, and the tongue is normally held in place by a coiled spring 18. At its lower end it has a non-circular pin-and-socket connection, as at 25. The connection is such that when the connecting-spindle 20 is in place the spindle 25 rotates the same as the shaft 17. The section 20 can be removed by pressing up the spring 18, which will allow the tongue to be slipped out from between the forks and said part removed.

The operation of the mechanism so far deback and forth.

scribed is as follows: The coupling-rod 20 being in place and the brace being used as a ratchet-brace, one or the other of the pawls 21 21 is disengaged, according to the direction the bit is to be driven. One of the pawls 28 28 is also disengaged, care being taken, however, that the engaged pawls are on opposite sides that is, if the pawl 21 is disengaged the awl 28 is disengaged, and vice versa. W ien the bit is to be turned to the right, the pawls 21 and 28 will be the ones left in engagement. The handle 1 now being held against rotation, the crank 40 is worked On one stroke it causes the pawl 28 to engage the ratchetwheel and turn the spindle 25 and the pawl 21 slips on the ratchet 10. On the back stroke the pawl 28 slips and the pawl 21 engages the ratchet 10, turning said ratchet to the left, however, the motion being reversed by means of the gears 13, which turn and drive the gear and shaft 17, and thus the coupling-rod and spindle 25, to the right, or in the same direction as that given on the direct stroke. To reverse the bit, the respective pawls of the upper and lower ratchets are set oppositely with the obvious opposite rotation of the bitspindle. "To use as an ordinary brace, the coupling-rod 20 is taken out and both of the upper pawls 21 and 21 are disengaged, which allows the upper casing to run free, and the bit-spindle is turned accordingly through. the medium of the lower pawls and ratchet wheel. By disengaging one of these pawls 28 or 28 a simple or ordinary ratchet-brace is produced. The socket for holding the bit also has a novel construction, which will now be described. The spindle 25 is threaded on the outside to receive the clamping-sleeve 28, which engages the backs of the jaws 29, of which there are four, located in slots in the spindle. A piece 30, having the form of a cross, is seated in the slots at the upper end thereof and has downturned arms, each of which has a pin 30 which extends loosely through holes 29* in the upper ends of the jaws, so that the jaws will swing thereon. The aws are recessed on the inner sides to receive the ends 31 of wire springs 31, which are seated in grooves 25 formed in the socketiecebetween said piece and the piece 30. T iese springs are held in place by the fit of their ends 51 in the recesses in the jaws and by their location in the grooves 25. 1

The jaws are clamped together upon the bit by screwing out the sleeve 28 in a wellknown manner.

I claim 1. A brace having a U-crank, pawl-andratchet driving mechanism connected to the upper arm of said crank, a pawl-and-ratchet mechanism connected to the lower arm of said crank and to the spindle of the tool socket-piece, and a removable connecting-rod between the said upper mechanism and the spindle.

2. A brace having a U-crank, a driving mechanism connected to each arm thereof, one of the mechanisms having a reversinggear, and connections between said mechanisms and the spindle of the brace.

3. A brace having a U-crank, a pawl-andratchet driving mechanism connected to the upper arm of the crank and having a reversing-gear, a pawl-and-ratchet mechanism connected between the lower arm of the crank and the spindle of the brace, and a connecting member between the spindle and the reversing-gear.

4. A brace having a U-crank, with a casing connected to the upper arm. thereof, a handle having a shaft on which the casing turns, a ratchet-wheel rotatable on the shaft and hav ing pawls carried by the casing, a reversinggear in the casing, driven by the ratchetwheel, a pawlandratchet connection between the lower arm of the crank and the spindle of thebrace, and a connection be tween the reversing-gear and the spindle.

5. In a brace, the combination of a handle having a shaft fixed thereto, a casing rotatable on the shaft and having an operatingarm to turn the same, a shaft connected to the spindle of the brace and supported in line with said "fixed shaft, a ratchet-wheel rotatable on the fixed shaft, pawls carried by the casing and engageable with the ratchet wheel to turn the same, and a reversing-gear in the casing, between said wheel and the shaft connected to the spindle.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JULIUS H. KARLSON.

WVitnesses:

- SIGNA FELrsKoG,

H. G. BATCI-IELOR. 

